Current Issue : April-June Volume : 2013 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 29 Articles
Nyctanthes arbortristis Linn. (Oleaceae) which is a well known medicinal plan. In order to determine Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic activity of ethanolic extract of root, bark and seed’s of Nyctanthes arbortristis Linn. (Oleaceae) in mice. In order to verify traditional use to evaluate Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. Carrageenan induced paw edema test to evaluate Anti-inflammatory activity while Tail immersion and Acetic acid Writhing test is to evaluate analgesic activity in mice. The ethanolic extract of Nyctanthes arbortristis Linn. (oleaceae) 250 mg/kg produced significant reduction in no. of writhing is 8.42 and 46.19% inhibition while 500 mg/kg extract shows no. of writhing is 7.15 and 54.31% inhibition. In tail immersion (250 an 500 mg/kg) after 60 min extract shows 80.23% and 84.0% protection respectively of tail flicking time. From the above study it indicate that ethanolic extract of Nyctanthes arbortristis Linn. (oleaceae) is beneficial...
The alcoholic extract of Naravelia zeylanica at 250 and 500 mg/kg doses were tested for anti-allergic activity against passive paw anaphylaxis by measuring paw volume using plethysmograph, mast cell stabilization by ex vivo challenge of antigen in sensitized rat intestinal mesenteries and vascular permeability induced by acetic acid in mice. Dexamethasone, Prednisolone and Indomethacin were used as standard reference drugs. Naravelia zeylanica exhibited significant anti-allergic activity in all above three models and activity was comparable with standard drug. The findings from various studies reveal that the anti-allergic activity of Naravelia zeylanica may be due to the mast cell stabilizing potential, suppression of IgE, and inhibition of release of inflammatory mediators....
The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of methanolic extract of Eclipta alba (MEEA) Linn in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-treated rats. Animals were pretreated with the MEEA (200 & 400 mg/kg body weight) for one week and then challenged with CCl4 (1 ml/kg bw) in olive oil (1:1, v/v) on 7th day. Serum marker enzymes (ALP, AST, ALT and Total Bilirubin) were estimated in all the study groups. Alteration in the levels of biochemical markers of hepatic damage like AST, ALT, ALP and Total Bilirubin were tested in both CCl4 treated and extract treated groups. CCl4 has significantly (P<0.001) enhanced the AST, ALT and ALP levels in liver. Treatment of MEEA (200 & 400 mg/kg) produced significant (P<0.001) hepatoprotective effects as evidenced by decreased serum enzyme activities, AST, ALT, ALP and serum Bilirubin and an almost normal histological architecture of the liver, in treated groups, compared to the controls. The experimental results indicate that, MEEA has excellent hepatoprotective effect. A similar experimental result was also observed by histological parameters....
Plant parasite has originated multiple times during angiosperm evolution, and consequently, parasitic genera vary considerably in their habits and hosts ranges. Scurrula parasitica (Loranthaceae) is a parasitic shrub growing on Dendrophthoe falcata (Loranthaceae) which is itself parasitic on Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae). Scurrula parasitica is distributed throughout the western ghat region of Maharashtra, some parts of Uttar Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. Genus Scurrula comprising of around 91 species, however, only S. ferruginea, S. atropurpurea, S. fusca have been investigated systematically. So, the main intention of the current study is to investigate the unexploited angiospermic parasite plant, Scurrula parasitica for its ethno medical claims as well as pharmacological activities based on chemotaxonomic tracing, in experimental animals. The dried methanol extract (SPM) of the whole plant of Scurrula parasitica L was studied for the effect on blood sugar level in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), using animals wistar rats in comparison with Glibenclamide as a reference standard (Positive control). The SPM was given in doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight in which dose 200 and 400 mg/kg given significant results in comparison with reference standard Glibenclamide. The study may conclude that some chemical entities transferred from host Dendrophthoe falcata and Mangifera indica to the parasite Scurrula parasiica are responsible for its effect on blood sugar level....
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Since ancient times, various herbal preparations have been used in treatment of urolithiasis, which is basically formation of calcium oxalate stones in kidney. The aim of our study is to assess the effects of seeds of Pongamia pinnata (PP) as a curative and preventive agent in experimentally induced urolithiasis model in rats.The activity of 150, 250, and 350 mg/kg PP extract was studied in 0.75% ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis for 28 days in rats. On 28 day, 24 h urine was collected from individual rats and used for estimation of urine calcium, phosphate and oxalate. The serum creatinine, urea and uric acid levels were estimated in each animal. The kidney homogenate was used for the estimation of renal oxalate contents. The paraffin kidney sections were prepared to observe the CaOx deposits.Urolithiasis caused a significant increase in both serum and urine biochemical parameters compared to healthy rats. PP extract decreased levels of these parameters. The paraffin kidney sections show significant histopathological changes. These results suggest that extract might be dose dependently effective in reduction and prevention of urolithiasis. Further, purification, substance identification and control studies of seed extract of Pongamia pinnta are necessary to identify mechanism of action and for safe and promising drug candidate for prevention of urolithiasis....
To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of methanolic extract of Leaves of Adhatoda vasica Nees. (Acanthaceae) and Mentha piperita (Lamiaceae). Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of methanolic extract of Adhatoda\r\nvasica N and Mentha piperita L were evaluated individual & in combination. The anti-inflammatory potential of methanolic extract has been studied by using carrageenan-induced paw edema. The analgesic activity was tested by using hot plate and tail immersion method in albino rats. The phytochemical investigation was performed for the presence of vascicine, vasicinone in Adhatoda vasica N. and menthol in Mentha piperita L. The administration of methanolic extract of Adhatoda vasica Nees. and Mentha piperita at doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg (p.o) significantly (P<0.01) inhibited carrageenan induced inflammation. Also treatment of extracts produced a significant (P<0.01) analgesic activity in tail immersion-induced pain and hot-plateinduced pain. Similarly, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity were evaluated by combination of half quantity of effective doses (200+300 mg/kg) of Adhatoda vasica Nees and Mentha piperita which significantly (P<0.05) inhibit the inhibition and pain in experimental animals. The experimental results demonstrated that methanolic extract of Adhatoda vasica Nees and Mentha piperita Linn in individual and combination doses possess significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities...
Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) has traditionally been used in India as medicinal plant for the treatment of diarrhoea and dysentery. In the present study ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava L. was used for investigation of antiulcer activity by using pylorus ligation as antisecretary model and Indomethacin & ethanol induced ulceration models as cytoprotective model. Animals pretreated with ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava L.at the dose 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg showed significant decrease in ulcer index and percentage ulcer protection in all models. The results suggested that the extract at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg showed significant protection (P<0.001) by reducing ulcerative lesions when compared with control group of animals. These findings indicate that Psidium guajava L.bark extract shows significant antiulcer activity....
The hepatoprotective effect of Carissa carandas Linn. (karanda in India) was evaluated based on its traditional uses and the reported phytocontituents26-54 in the CCl4 intoxicated rats ( CCl4 0.1 to 1 mg/kg body wt p.o.). For therapeutic study, test rats were dosed EECC (100 and 200 mg/kg body wt). The rats were sacrificed after 15 days of study before sacrifice the blood sample was collected from all rats of each group for estimation of serum enzymes, albumin, total protein and total lipid profiles. Standard kits were used for the tests (Baeyers Co. Ltd.2006) and the isolated livers were subjected to histopathological study and the results were compared with the standard herbal drug available in market i.e. Liv-52(0.125 mg/kg body wt., p.o dose/group). Significantly (p<0.01 or p<0.05) increase in serum levels, increase in lipid profile and decrease in total protein level were observed in control rats. Histopathological scanning showed cirrhosis like liver damage in CCl4 treated control group. These abnormalities were observed to be inhibited in EECC treated rats test rats and Liv-52 treated standard rats. Based on these results, it is considered that EECC due to its chemical constituents has favorable effects as a liver tonic....
To determine the immunomodulatory properties of Tridax procumbens Linn., and also to check whether significant potentiation in immunomodulation occurs or not with the combination of Lavemisole. Immunomodulatory potential of methanolic extract of Tridax procumbens (METP) (200mg/kg and 400 mg/kg B) and its combination with Lavemisole (50 mg/kg BW) were determined by the effect Cyclophosphamide myelosupression, on leukocyte count and spleen weight, In vivo phagocytosis (carbon clearance method), determination of cellular immune response, haemagglutination antibody titre using sheep red blood cells (SRBC). In addition, the effect of the extract on Systemic Anaphylactic reaction was also measured. Administration of cyclophosphamide reduced the TLC in control animals. Pretreatment of animals with METP and in combination with Lavemisole for 10 days before cyclophosphamide administration produced a significant increase (P<0.01) in TLC and % neutrophil. Leukocyte count and phagocytic index (carbon clearance) was increased significantly with the treatment of METP (400 mg/kg b.w.) compared to control (P<0.05). Lavemisole (50 mg/kg b.w.) in combination with METP (200 mg/kg b.w.) showed highly significant increase of leukocyte count and phagocytic index compared to control (P<0.01). Same groups also showed positive significant action on spleen weight. In cellular immune response study, an enhancement in foot pad thickness was observed when compared to control group. Neither of the two doses of METP showed significant increase in HA titre value and antibody secreting cells of mouse spleen. However, combination of Lavemisole (50 mg/kg b.w.) and METP (200 mg/kg b.w.) showed significant increase (P<0.05) in HA titre and antibody secreting cells of mouse spleen value compared to vehicle control. In systemic anaphylaxis reaction test, results indicate a positive effect on anaphylaxis with the treatment of METP in both doses and in combination with Lavemisole. The present study has shown the immunomodulatory activity of methanolic extract of Tridax procumbens L. at the dose 400 mg/kg BW. T. procumbens L. in combination with zinc has shown potentiation of immunomodulatory activity in all aspects of the study....
Holoptelea integrifolia is an indigenous medicinal plant of India has traditionally used in the treatment of kidney diseases, urinary disorder and jaundice. The aim of the present study is to investigate the nephroprotective activity of ethanol and aqueous extract of leaves of Holoptelea integrifolia in acetaminophen induced acute renal failure albino rat’s model at dose level of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. Result observed in biochemical studies showed that there is an increase in the levels of serum urea and creatinine along with an increase in the body weight and reduction in the levels of uric acid in acetaminophen induced. These values are retrieved significantly by treatment with Holoptelea integrifolia ethanol extracts at 500 mg/kg dose. Apart from these, changes in histoarchitecture of renal tissues also reveal the protective nature of the ethanol extracts against acetaminophen induced necrotic damage of renal tissues. The findings suggest that the ethanol extract of Holoptelea integrifolia possesses marked nephroprotective activity with minimal toxicity and could offer a promising role in the treatment of acute renal injury caused by acetaminophen....
In the present study, single oral 250 and 500 mg/kg/day of the rhizome alcoholic extract of Curcuma amada were studied for their protective effects in gentamicin and acetaminophen induced nephrotoxic Wistar rats for 14 days. In each model of nephrotoxicity, twenty four adult Wistar rats of either sex were evenly divided into 4 groups. Groups I and II served as untreated and model controls, respectively while groups III and IV were the treatment groups which were treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg/day of Curcuma amada alcoholic extract after the intraperitoneal injection of acetaminophen and gentamicin for 14 days. On the 15th day, blood samples for blood urea, uric acid and serum creatinine while the rat kidneys for histology were obtained under inhaled diethyl ether anesthesia. In the gentamicin nephrotoxic rats, 250 and 500 mg/kg/day significantly (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) attenuated elevations in the serum creatinine, blood urea and uric acid levels in dose related fashion, as well as, attenuation of acetaminophen-induced tubulonephrosis. Similar effects were also recorded in the acetaminophen model of acute renal injury. Results suggest that the nephroprotective effect of Curcuma amada could be due to the inherent antioxidant and free-radical-scavenging principle(s) contained in the extract. In the near future, Curcuma amada could constitute a lead to discovery of a novel drug for the treatment of drug-induced nephrotoxicity...
Antipyretic activity of 50%v/v poly herbal extract of Rubia cardifolia, Decalepis hamiltonii, Ficus racemosa was studied on normal body temperature and yeast induced pyrexia in rats. Yeast suspension (10 ml/kg, s.c.) increased rectal temperature after 19 hr of administration. The extract, in doses of 100, 200, 300 mg/kg (po) produced significant dose dependent lowering of normal body temperature and yeast provoked elevation of body temperature in rats. The effect produced was comparable with the standard antipyretic drug, paracetamol (150 mg/kg, i.p.)....
Urinary stones affect 10-12% of the population in industrialized countries. There are only a few geographical areas in which stone disease is rare. Among the treatments used are extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and drug treatment. Even improved and besides the high cost that imposes, compelling data now suggest that exposure to shock waves in therapeutic doses may cause acute renal injury, decrease in renal function and an increase in stone recurrence. Data from in-vitro, in-vivo and clinical trials reveal that phytotherapeutic agents are useful as either an alternative or an adjunctive therapy in the management of urolithiasis mainly due to the presence of constituents like flavonoids which are potent antioxidants and reduce the oxidative stress on kidneys. This review article is about the drugs containing flavonoids which have potential use in urolithiasis....
Ethanolic extract of root of Tephrosia purpurea (Linn.) Pers (Fabaceae) at the doses of 100,250 and 500mg/kg were studied for hepatoprotective activity in wistar albino rats of either sex against carbon tetrachloride (1.2 ml/kg intraperitonial) induced hepatotoxicity. Alteration in the levels of biochemical markers of hepatic damage like SGPT,SGOT,ALP, bilirubin (total and direct), cholesterol level, HDL and histopathological changes in the liver were tested in both treated and untreated groups. Carbon tetrachloride (1.2 ml/ intraperitonial) has enhanced the SGPT, SGOT, ALP, bilirubin and cholesterol levels and reduced the serum level of HDL and causes the sevear liver damage. The results revealed that alcoholic extract of T. purpurea root (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg b.wt) has significantly decrease the SGPT, SGOT, ALT, cholesterol level and increase the serum level of HDL.A comparative histopathological study of liver from test groups exhibited almost normal architecture specially with dose of 500mg/kg b.wt, as compared to CCl4 treated group. The observed effects were compared with hepatoprotective agent Silymarin....
The objective of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective activity of Methanol extract of leaves of Naravelia zeylanica against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced hepatotoxicity. The material was dried in shade, they were powdered and Extracted with methanol. Preliminary phytochemical tests were done. Methanol extract showed presence of phenolic compound and flavanoids. The hepatoprotective activity of the methanol extract was assessed in carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxic Rats. Alteration in the levels of biochemical markers of hepatic damage like SGOT, SGPT, ALP and lipid peroxides were tested in both carbon tetrachloride treated and untreated groups. Carbon tetrachloride (3ml/kg) has enhanced the SGOT, SGPT, ALP and the Lipid peroxides in liver. Treatment of methanolic extract of Naravelia zeylanica leaves(500mg/kg) has brought back the altered levels of biochemical markers to the near normal levels in the dose dependent manner. Our findings suggested that Naravelia zeylanica methanol leaf extract possessed hepatoprotective activity....
The objective of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective activity of Methanol extract of leaves of Naravelia zeylanica against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity. The material was dried in shade, they were powdered and Extracted with methanol. Preliminary phytochemical tests were done. Methanol extract showed presence of phenolic compound and flavanoids. The hepatoprotective activity of the methanol extract was assessed in paracetamol induced hepatotoxic Rats. Alteration in the levels of biochemical markers of hepatic damage like SGOT, SGPT, ALP and lipid peroxides were tested in both Paracetamol treated and untreated groups. Paracetamol (2g/kg) has enhanced the SGOT, SGPT, ALP and the Lipid peroxides in liver. Treatment of methanolic extract of Naravelia zeylanica leaves(500mg/kg) has brought back the altered levels of biochemical markers to the near normal levels in the dose dependent manner. Our findings suggested that Naravelia zeylanica methanol leaf extract possessed hepatoprotective activity....
India has a rich traditional of plant-based knowledge on healthcare. A large number of plants/plant extracts/decoctions or pastes are equally used by tribals and folklore traditions in India for treatment of diabetes. Herbal medicines have been used from the earliest times to the present day. A number of plants have been described in Ayurveda and other traditional medicine for the management of diabetes. However, information about them is not easily available. Active constituents of any medicinal plant define the efficacy and safety of treatment to control hyperglycemia. Plants represent a vast source of potentially useful dietary supplements for improving blood glucose control and preventing long-term complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review presents the profiles of plants with anti-diabetic and hypoglycemic properties....
Wound is defined as the disruption of the cellular and anatomic continuity of a tissue. Wound may be produced by physical, chemical, thermal, microbial or immunological insult to the tissues. Wounds generally termed as physical injuries that result in an opening or breaking of the skin. Wounds are the result of injuries to the skin that disrupt the other soft tissue. Healing of a wound is a complex and protracted process of tissue repair and remodeling in response to injury. Various plant products have been used in treatment of wounds over the years. Wound healing herbal extracts promote blood clotting, fight infection, and accelerate the healing of wounds. Phytoconstituents derived from plants need to be identified and screened for antimicrobial activity for management of wounds. Most of these patients tend to face a tremendous problem when they get an infected wound. Wound-healing agents derived from plants need to be identified and formulated for treatment and management of wounds. Various herbal products have been used in management and treatment of wounds over the years. The in vitro assays are useful, quick, and relatively inexpensive. Therefore the aim of treating a wound is to either shorten the time required for healing or to minimize the undesired consequences. Wound-healing agents derived from plants need to be identified and formulated for treatment and management of wounds....
Herbal plants produce a diverse range of bioactive molecules, making them a rich source of different types of medicines. Thus, a proper scientific evidence or assessment has become the criteria for acceptance of herbal health claims. In the present study, the antioxidant activity of the various crude extracts of leaves of Ricinus communis L. were determined by reducing power assay. The amount of total phenols were analysed by using Folin-Ciocalteau assay and the amount of total flavonoid contents were analysed using aluminium chloride calorimetric assay. The results revealed that methanol extract exhibited the highest level of reducing capacity and containing highest amounts of phenolic and flavonoid whereas petroleum ether showed less reducing activity and considerably contain very less amounts of phenolic and flavonoid contents. The extracts were compared to standard antioxidant ascorbic acid. The results presented here not only show the reducing power, TPC or TFC of plant but also its medicinal value for the treatment of various ailments....
The present study was aimed to study antioxidant potential of the palnt Eclipta alba Linn. The antioxidant property was assessed by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. DPPH free radical scavenging effect of the extract was compared with standard antioxidant ascorbic acid and it showed significant result. The IC50 values obtained for DPPH inhibition were 471.851 and 169.09 μg/ml for methanol extract of Eclipta alba (MEEA) and standard ascorbic acid respectively. The IC50 values obtained for DPPH inhibition of three major column fractions were 389.148, 223.571, 295.454 and 169.09 μg/ml for first fraction (F-I), second fraction (F-II), third fraction (F-III) and ascorbic acid respectively. Thus the extract and its fractions can be used as natural antioxidant source to prevent diseases associated with free radical....
Oxidation reactions are crucial for life, but they can also be damaging. Complex systems of multiple types of antioxidants, such as glutathione, Vitamin C, Vitamin A, and Vitamin E as well as enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and various peroxidases are maintained by plants and animals. Pineapple (Ananas comosus) fruit is reported to have studied for its antioxidant property by in-vitro models. By review of literature it was observed that studies on the root of Ananas comosus was not been done. Since antioxidants plays a vital role in prevention and treatment of various diseases and the plant is said to have good antioxidant property, the root of the plant was selected for screening of in-vitro antioxidant activity by scavenging of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) methods. The ethyl acetate extract of Ananas comosus root showed good antioxidant activity by scavenging of hydrogen peroxide and reducing power ability which may be due to presence of various phytochemicals such as alkaloids, phenolic compounds, tannins and saponins....
Present investigation aims to understand oxidative stress and antioxidant metabolic enzymes response to distillery effluent application in few cultivars of paddy seedlings. Subjecting five cultivars of paddy viz., Jaya, Jyothi, Mandya Vijay and MTU-1001, to different dilution of effluent (viz. 6%, 12%, 25%, 50% and 100%) preliminary germination was conducted. Percent germination, root length and shoot length was almost similar in control and 6% dilution of distillery effluent, with further increase in concentration, gradual inhibitory effect was noticed, whereas complete inhibition was observed at 100%. Physio-chemical analysis of effluent reveals that it is rich in both organic and inorganic load. Catalase and peroxidase activity increase significantly under the effluent in paddy seedling indicating osmotic stress with increase in effluent concentration at different level of germinating stages. Further, these results were supported by high level of carbohydrate, under oxidative stress. Overall results clearly indicate oxidative stress is due to high organic and inorganic load, distillery effluents belong to irrigation water class of ‘increasing problem’ to ‘severe problem’ with respect to change in soil pH and specific ion toxicity. Hence, it is recommended that before discharge of distillery effluent further treatment is necessary to cut down the excess of organic and inorganic load in waste water....
Anantamool (Tylophora indica (Burm. f.) Merill) is a climbing perennial plant indigenous to India is a widely used traditional medicine and is popular in various indigenous systems of medicines like Ayurveda, Unani and Homeopathy. Following the various traditional claims on utility of this plant in curing a number of diseases, considerable efforts have been made by researcher to verify its utility through pharmacological screenings. T. indica contains mainly tylophorine tylophorinine and tylophorinidine alkaloids. Other constituents are phytosterol, flavonoid, wax, resin, tannin, α- and β-amyrin, quercetin, kaempferol, coutchone. The notable biological activities reported are emetic, smooth –muscle relaxant, anti histamine, hypotensive, anti tumour, allergic diseases like bronchial asthma, antimicrobial and anti inflammatory. Various plant parts like leaves and roots are widely used for medicinal purposes; this review presents a detailed survey of the literature on pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, traditional and biologically evaluated medicinal uses of T. indica....
Millions of people in the world still use the herbal drugs. It has been estimated by WHO that 80% of the people living in the developing countries rely upon the traditional health practices for their primary health care needs. However, the potential of higher plants as sources for new drugs is still largely unexplored. Many higher plants are known to be the main source of the drug therapy in traditional system of medicines. Anogeissus latifolia is also one of the plants in human health management. The plant is useful mainly in UTI infections, skin diseases, liver complaints, fever, epileptic fits, spleen enlargement, dysuria, diarrhoea, cold, cough, cholera, excessive perspiration, piles, in scorpion sting and snake bite etc. Pharmacological actions and uses of Anogeissus latifolia have focussed our attention towards it....
To study anticonvulsant activity of aqueous extract of Piper nigrum and Cinnamomum zeylanicum in MES and PTZ induced animal model. Anticonvulsant activity was evaluated by maximal electroshock (MES) and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in wistar albino rats. In MES model, 150 mA current for 0.2 s was given through ear electrodes to induce convulsions in rats. The duration of tonic extension of hind limb was used as the end point, namely, prevention or decrease in the duration of hind limb extension was considered as a protective action. In the PTZ model, the anticonvulsant property of Piper nigrum and Cinnamomum zeylanicum was assessed by its ability to delay the onset of myoclonic spasm and clonic convulsions produced by intraperitoneal administration of PTZ. In the MES model, Piper nigrum and Cinnamomum zeylanicum reduced all the phases of convulsion. Piper nigrum and Cinnamomum zeylanicum at a dose of 500 mg/kg significantly reduced extensor phase (P<0.001, P<0.01). Combination of both extracts (250+250 mg/kg) reduced extensor phase (P<0.01). In PTZ-induced model, the administration of the both extract at dose of 500 mg/kg,30 min prior to injection of PTZ significantly delayed the onset of clonic seizure (P<0.01). Combination doses of both extract ( 250+250 ) mg/kg exert significant protective ( P<0.01) effect on PTZ-induced convulsions. Standard drug levetiracetam at a dose of 1200 mg/kg showed much delayed onset of clonic seizure. Piper nigrum and Cinnamomum zeylanicum showed anticonvulsant activity in MES and PTZ induced animal model....
To evaluate anticonvulsant activities of ethanolic extract of Swertia chirata and aqueous extract Cinnamomum zeylanicum in MES and PTZ model. Adult male rats (275-325g) were given extracts of Swertia Chirata and Cinnamomum zeylanicum alone at three doses of 250, 500, 750 mg/kg, (p.o.) and combination of both extracts. Standard drug phenytoin sodium at 25 mg/kg, (i.p.). MES and PTZ model are used to test the anticonvulsant property of extract. In MES model duration of\r\nextensor phase and in PTZ model onset of action was observed and evaluated. The duration of hind limb extension in MES test was reduced by 75 % significantly (p<0.01) by Swertia Chirata and Cinnamomum zeylanicum at a dose level of 500 mg/kg. In PTZ group, the seizure latency was prolonged by Swertia Chirata and Cinnamomum zeylanicum at dose levels of 250, 500 mg/kg and 500, 750 mg/kg respectively. The lower dose (250 mg/kg) was found to be effective in case of Swertia chirata by 70% whereas the higher dose (500 mg/kg) did show 72% effectiveness. In case of Cinnamomum zeylanicum the lower dose (500 mg/kg) showed 53% effectiveness while the higher dose (750 mg/kg) was 85% in force. The present investigation demonstrated that Swertia chirata and Cinnamomum zeylanicum posses anticonvulsant activity...
Nature has been a source of medicinal agents since times immemorial. The importance of herbs in the management of human ailments cannot be over emphasized. L. camara belongs to the family Verbenaceae. This family consists of more than 100 genera and contains nearly 2600 species. Many of these species are of tropical or subtropical region. The objective of present work is to study the phytochemical screening and TLC of medicinally active phytoconstituents present in ethanolic extract obtained from leaves of Lantana camara linn. Preliminary Phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of Carbohydrates, Steroids, Proteins and amino acids....
The present study was undertaken to examine the attenuative effect of Mentha piperata leaf extract (MPE) against cadmium (Cd) induced oxidative hepatic dysfunction in the liver of rats. Pre-oral supplementation of MPE (100 mg/kg BW) treated rats showed the protective efficacy against Cd induced hepatic oxidative stress. Oral administration of Cd (5 mg/kg BW) for four weeks to rats significantly (P> 0.05) elevated the level of serum hepatic markers such as serum aspartate transaminase (AST), serum alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), bilirubin (TBRNs), oxidative stress markers viz., thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), protein carbonyls (PC) and conjugated dienes (CD) and significantly (P > 0.05) reduced the enzymatic antioxidants viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidise (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and non-enzymatic antioxidants Viz., reduced glutathione (GSH), total sulfhydryls (TSH), vitamin C and vitamin E in the liver. Pre-oral supplementation of MPE (100 mg/kg BW) in Cd intoxicated rats, the distorted biochemical indices and pathological changes were recovered significantly (P> 0.05) which showed ameliorative potential of MPE against Cd induced hepatic oxidative stress. From the above findings, we suggested that the pre-administration of M.Piperata leaf extract exhibited remarkable protective effect against cadmium-induced oxidative hepatic injury in rats....
For thousands of years plants have been important source of medicine. Many plants and their products exhibit marked antioxidant activities. Mangifera indica (mango) is one of the common plant belonging to Anacardiaceae family. The plant contains alkaloid, saponin, anthraquinone, steroids, tannin, flavonoid (Mangiferin), reducing sugars and cardiac glycosides and have been used in traditional system of medicine. It has been used for fever, chest pains, diarrhea, diabetes and hypertension. The objective of this study is to explore Mangifera indica leaves as natural antioxidants. The preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids and phenols. The antioxidant activities were evaluated by the Hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging method and FRAP method. The extract will be further evaluated for other activities. The results suggested that aqueous leaf extract of Mangifera indica possessed significant antioxidant activity and the leaves can be used as excellent natural antioxidant....
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